{"id":3137,"date":"2023-06-16T09:57:36","date_gmt":"2023-06-16T09:57:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/?post_type=project&p=3137"},"modified":"2023-09-25T08:06:40","modified_gmt":"2023-09-25T08:06:40","slug":"3137","status":"publish","type":"project","link":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/en\/project\/3137\/","title":{"rendered":"Bey’s Palace"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":1231,"template":"","class_list":["post-3137","project","type-project","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","project_theme-dissemination-en","project_theme-nationalism-imperialism","project_theme-neo-moorish-in-the-maghreb","project_theme-sources-en"],"acf":{"projects":{"project_info":{"color":"#fdff7f","icon":1329,"location":"Oran, Algeria","year":"Fin XVIIIe<\/sup>-XIXe<\/sup> si\u00e8cles","architects":[321],"map":{"longitude":35.7056466904265,"latitude":-0.64832278812547}},"":null,"gallery":[558,1963,543,1972,576,573,1969,546,1966,1978,1975,570,540,552,555,549,567,564,561],"history":{"projects_history_media":{"content_type":"Image Gallery","video_single":{"number":"","title":"","image":null},"gallery":[2491,2494,2029,2014,2017,2020,2059,2002,2050,2062,2008,2005,1984,2512,2053,2047,1990,2526,2044,2056,2038,2041,2026,2023,2032,2035,1999],"video_gallery":null},"content":"The Bey\u2019s Palace is one of the rare Ottoman-era monuments to have been preserved in Oran. Its appearance and complex history reflect the tumultuous past of the city of Oran, occupied successively by the Spanish and the Ottomans prior to capture by the French in 1831.\r\n\r\nThe Palace is located in the Rosalcazar fortress compound, built after 1509 by the Spanish<\/code>. Between 1792 and 1831, when the Ottomans occupied Oran, the fortress became the residence of the Bey Mohammed el-Kebir. His successors then erected several other buildings. In 1831, the French military command, considering the fortress the city\u2019s most secure stronghold, established its headquarters in the palace<\/code>.\r\nThe palace stands on the uppermost terrace of the Spanish fortress, between bastions 9 and 10 and the monumental gate bearing an inscription commemorating its completion in 1758<\/code>.\r\n\r\nThe vast dwelling is divided into two compounds: the French Army Corps of Engineers staff offices and living quarters<\/code> (buildings demolished after Algeria\u2019s independence in 1962) and the Division Hall. The latter stood on bastion 10<\/code> and consisted of five main buildings. The four remaining today form \u201cthe Bey\u2019s Palace.\u201d\r\n\r\nCurrently, the entrance to the palace is located under a porch leading to a large courtyard. The water reservoir and pumping station built over the well in 1867 are connected to the eastern wall. In Ottoman times, they \u201cdistributed water through pipes to the various parts of the citadel.\u201d The courtyard provides access to two buildings: to the east, a one-story wing with a patio and gallery extending to the former palace hammam, and to the south, a long wing preceded by a peristyle consisting of two rows of columns supporting horseshoe arches. This part of the complex was depicted in 1831 by military painter Alexandre Gen\u00eat<\/code>. Restoration work on it began in 1855: the columns were replaced by plain pillars, and the varied profiles of the capitals were made uniform. The wall tile, which probably already featured geometric patterns, was replaced by wainscoting with white and blue scalloped trim<\/code>. During the same period, the grand reception hall, behind the peristyle, also underwent renovation aimed at \u201credecorating the whole complex [\u2026] in Moorish style to match the rest of the buildings.\u201d The plans called for a large amount of plaster staff<\/code> on the upper parts of the walls was, however, simplified. These features repeat the profile of the pillars used in most of the late Ottoman mansions and palaces of the Ottoman Regency of Algiers,<\/code> ike those of the famed Palace of the Bey in the city of Constantine.<\/code> Large windows were cut into the walls, topped with an ornate flared arch sometimes called an Algerian arch, glazed with petal-shaped windows. The walls themselves were covered with polychrome ceramic tile featuring plant motifs.\r\n\r\nIn 1865, for Emperor Napoleon III\u2019s official visit to Oran, the decoration of the upper part of the walls and ceiling was completed, with murals and paintings that matching the organization and motifs of illuminated Korans. These decorations had been presented to the Western public thanks to the books by Owen Jones. The ceiling inscriptions in thuluth<\/em> script are verses from a poem composed by Mu\u1e63taf\u0101 b. \u02bfAbd All\u0101h Bin Da\u1e25\u1e25\u016b, author of Fat\u1e25 Wa\u1e25r\u0101n (The Conquest of Oran)<\/em>, to decorate a building erected in Oran by Mu\u1e25ammad b. \u02bfU\u1e6fm\u0101n Bey in 1207 h. \/1792-1793. The script imitates the Arab panegyric style but proclaims the glory of the Emperor, as well as that of Governor Randon and General Montauban. It could have been designed by the orientalist Edmond Combarel, who also studied at the \u00c9cole des Beaux-Arts.\r\n\r\nBetween the two main buildings, a passageway leads to a small garden in front of a dwelling nested into the peak of the bastion<\/code>. Now called \u201cle pavillon de la favorite\u201d (\u201cthe favorite wife\u2019s villa\u201d; \u201cthe smoking room\u201d in the French era), the building features rich interior decoration. In the lower part, painted wooden panels that imitate a polychrome tile facing form a geometric network. The upper parts, like the doors and windows, are decorated with cast plaster panels with scalloped edges or embellished arches filled with patterns of pine cones, palm fronds, or stylizeed leaves. This stucco quotes carved decoration at the Alhambra, and were probably cast from those molds. On the outside, the villa is bordered by an ironwork balustrade dating from 1851<\/code>. It offers a spectacular view of the old city, spread out at the foot of Mount Murdjadjo.\r\n\r\nIn 1913, Albert Ballu, the architect in charge of historical monuments in Algeria, filed a request that \u201cthe towers, the reception hall, the general\u2019s quarters, and the smoking room in the garden\u201d be placed on the preservation list. He aimed to oppose city government plans to raze the fortress which, at the time, was considered an eyesore: \u201can annoying screen that cuts off the view from the Place d\u2019Armes and the Promenade de L\u00e9tang, Oran\u2019s balcony overlooking the sea.\u201d None of these projects were carried out.\r\nIn the early 1980s, part of the terrace was cleared of its Ottoman-era and French colonial buildings to make room for an 18-story hotel, which remained unfinished.\r\n\r\nThe part of the old palace that has been preserved now houses the Algerian national offices for the management and operation of cultural heritage (the OGEBC). Recent archeological explorations have uncovered elements of the earlier, Ottoman-era decoration on the floors, walls, and ceilings. They are quite fragmentary, however, and it would be difficult to restore the entire edifice with them.","projects_history_sidebar":[{"title":"Bibliography","link":{"title":"","url":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/en\/bibliography\/#palaisbey","target":"_blank"},"blank":true},{"title":"Download the description in French","link":{"title":"","url":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Notice_palais_bey-impression-fr-maj.pdf","target":"_blank"},"blank":true},{"title":"Download the description in English","link":{"title":"","url":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Notice_palais_bey-impression-en-maj-1.pdf","target":"_blank"},"blank":true},{"title":"Download the description in Spanish","link":{"title":"","url":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Notice_palais_bey-impression-es-maj.pdf","target":"_blank"},"blank":true}]},"artist":{"projects_artist_media":{"content_type":"Single Video","video_single":{"number":846256073,"title":"The Oran Bey's Palace 3D rendering","image":1720},"gallery":null,"video_gallery":null},"content":"Archaeologists and architects attempts to rediscover the original appearance of the bey's palace before it was \"orientalized\" by the French military in the neo-Moorish style from the 1860s onwards using traces of ancient decorations, plans from Spanish archives and drawings from the very beginning of the French occupation.","projects_artist_sidebar":null,"projects_artist_credits":[{"title":"Edition","content":"Claudine Piaton"},{"title":"3D restitution and production","content":"Arch\u00e9ovision production"},{"title":"Filming","content":"Kouider Metair, Insaf Sersar, Hichem Mechiche, Houari El K\u00e9bir"}],"extra":{"iframe":null}},"podcast":{"podcast":[{"audio":2497,"title":"Words of People. The Oran Bey's Palace","txt":"With Kouider Metair","img":561,"pdfs":null}],"projects_podcast_media":{"content_type":"Single Video","video_single":{"number":"","title":"","image":null},"gallery":null,"video_gallery":null},"content":"","projects_podcast_sidebar":null,"projects_podcast_credits":[{"title":"About this audio","content":"On a visit to the palace, young people from Oran tell us about their impressions of the Arabic inscriptions in the grand salon dedicated to Napoleon III."},{"title":"Interviews and writing","content":"Kouider Meta\u00efr, Claudine Piaton"},{"title":"Editing","content":"\u00c9l\u00e9onore Clovis"},{"title":"Licence","content":"CC-BY-NC-SA"}]},"education":"","related_topics":{"projects_related_topics_media":{"content_type":"Video Gallery","video_single":{"number":"","title":"","image":null},"gallery":null,"video_gallery":[{"title":"Diffusion des styles n\u00e9o-mauresque et n\u00e9o-mamelouk en Europe","text":"","url":"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/844864146","image":2796},{"title":"Le style n\u00e9o-mauresque au Maghreb : une histoire contrari\u00e9e","text":"","url":"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/844857921","image":2802},{"title":"Nationalisme et imp\u00e9rialisme. Architectures n\u00e9o-mauresques en Espagne, Alg\u00e9rie, France et Bosnie","text":"","url":"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/844281563","image":2901},{"title":"Sources de l'architecture orientaliste en Europe","text":"","url":"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/844847301","image":null},{"title":"Sources de l'architecture orientaliste en Europe","text":"","url":"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/844847301","image":2782}]},"content":"","projects_related_topics_sidebar":null,"projects_related_topics_credits":null}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/3137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/project"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1231"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imaneo-data.inha.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}